http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/29:1
http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/29:1
29
Al-Ankabut
The Spider
Ibn Kathir - English
Verse
1
Page 396
Which was revealed in Makkah
﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴾
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
﴿ الٓمٓ • أَحَسِبَ ٱلنَّاسُ أَن يُتۡرَكُوٓاْ أَن يَقُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَهُمۡ لَا يُفۡتَنُونَ • وَلَقَدۡ فَتَنَّا ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۖ فَلَيَعۡلَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ صَدَقُواْ وَلَيَعۡلَمَنَّ ٱلۡكَـٰذِبِينَ • أَمۡ حَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ أَن يَسۡبِقُونَاۚ سَآءَ مَا يَحۡكُمُونَ ﴾
(1.
Alif Lam Mim.) (2. Do people think that they will be left alone because
they say: "We believe,'' and will not be tested.) (3. And We indeed
tested those who were before them so that Allah will indeed know those
who are true, and He will know those who are liars.) (4. Or think those
who do evil deeds that they can outstrip Us Evil is that which they
judge!)
The
Believers are tested so that it may be known Who is Sincere and Who is
Lying In the beginning of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Baqarah, we discussed
the letters which appear at the beginning of some Surahs.
﴿ أَحَسِبَ ٱلنَّاسُ أَن يُتۡرَكُوٓاْ أَن يَقُولُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَهُمۡ لَا يُفۡتَنُونَ ﴾
(Do
people think that they will be left alone because they say: "We
believe,'' and will not be tested.) This is a rebuke in the form of a
question, meaning that Allah will inevitably test His believing servants
according to their level of faith, as it recorded in the authentic
Hadith:
« أَشَدُّ
النَّاسِ بَلَاءً الْأَنْبِيَاءُ، ثُمَّ الصَّالِحُونَ، ثُمَّ الْأَمْثَلُ
فَالْأَمْثَلُ، يُبْتَلَى الرَّجُلُ عَلَى حَسَبِ دِينِهِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ
فِي دِينِهِ صَلَابَةٌ زِيدَ لَهُ فِي الْبَلَاء »
(The
people most severely tested are the Prophets, then the righteous, then
the next best and the next best. A man will be tested in accordance with
the degree of his religious commitment; the stronger his religious
commitment, the stronger his test.) This Ayah is like the Ayah,
﴿ أَمۡ حَسِبۡتُمۡ أَن تَدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَعۡلَمِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ جَـٰهَدُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَيَعۡلَمَ ٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ ﴾
(Do
you think that you will enter Paradise without Allah knowing those of
you who fought (in His cause) and knowing those who are the patient)
(3:142) There is a similar Ayah in Surat At-Tawbah. And Allah says:
﴿
أَمۡ حَسِبۡتُمۡ أَن تَدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَأۡتِكُم مَّثَلُ
ٱلَّذِينَ خَلَوۡاْ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۖ مَّسَّتۡہُمُ ٱلۡبَأۡسَآءُ
وَٱلضَّرَّآءُ وَزُلۡزِلُواْ حَتَّىٰ يَقُولَ ٱلرَّسُولُ وَٱلَّذِينَ
ءَامَنُواْ مَعَهُ ۥ مَتَىٰ نَصۡرُ ٱللَّهِۗ أَلَآ إِنَّ نَصۡرَ ٱللَّهِ
قَرِيبٌ۬ ﴾
(Or
think you that you will enter Paradise without such (trials) as came to
those who passed away before you They were afflicted with severe
poverty and ailments and were so shaken that even the Messenger and
those who believed along with him said, "When (will come) the help of
Allah'' Yes! Certainly, the help of Allah is near!) (2:214) Allah says
here:
﴿ وَلَقَدۡ فَتَنَّا ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۖ فَلَيَعۡلَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ صَدَقُواْ وَلَيَعۡلَمَنَّ ٱلۡكَـٰذِبِينَ ﴾
(And
We indeed tested those who were before them so that Allah will know
those who are true, and will know those who are liars.) meaning, He will
make know which are sincere in their claim to be believers from those
who are lying. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, knows what has
happened in the past and what is yet to come, and He knows how that
which will not happen would have happened if it were to happen. All the
Imams of Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah are agreed on this. This is the view
of Ibn `Abbas and others concerning phrases such as the Ayah,
﴿ إِلَّا لِنَعۡلَمَ ﴾
(only
that We know) (2:143). Meaning, only to see -- because seeing has to do
with what is there, but knowledge is broader than seeing, since it
includes what is not present as well as what is.
The Evildoers cannot escape from Allah Allah said:
﴿ أَمۡ حَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ أَن يَسۡبِقُونَاۚ سَآءَ مَا يَحۡكُمُونَ ﴾
(Or
think those who do evil deeds that they can outstrip Us Evil is that
which they judge!) means, those who are not believers should not think
that they will escape such trials and tests, for ahead of them lies a
greater and more severe punishment. Allah says:
﴿ أَمۡ حَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ أَن يَسۡبِقُونَاۚ ﴾
(Or think those who do evil deeds that they can outstrip Us) meaning, "escape'' from Us.
﴿ سَآءَ مَا يَحۡكُمُونَ ﴾
(Evil is that which they judge!) what they think is evil.
﴿ مَن كَانَ يَرۡجُواْ لِقَآءَ ٱللَّهِ فَإِنَّ أَجَلَ ٱللَّهِ لَأَتٍ۬ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ • وَمَن جَـٰهَدَ فَإِنَّمَا يُجَـٰهِدُ لِنَفۡسِهِۦۤۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَغَنِىٌّ عَنِ ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِينَ •
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ لَنُكَفِّرَنَّ
عَنۡهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمۡ وَلَنَجۡزِيَنَّهُمۡ أَحۡسَنَ ٱلَّذِى كَانُواْ
يَعۡمَلُونَ ﴾
(5.
Whoever hopes in meeting with Allah, then Allah's term is surely
coming, and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.) (6. And whosoever
strives, he strives only for himself. Verily, Allah stands not in need
of any of the creatures.) (7. Those who believe, and do righteous good
deeds, surely, We shall expiate from them their evil deeds and We shall
indeed reward them according to the best of that which they used to do.)
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