http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/26:1
http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/26:1
26
Ash-Shu'ara'
The Poets
Ibn Kathir - English
Verse
1
Page 367
Which was revealed in Makkah
﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴾
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
﴿ طسٓمٓ • تِلۡكَ ءَايَـٰتُ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ ٱلۡمُبِينِ • لَعَلَّكَ بَـٰخِعٌ۬ نَّفۡسَكَ أَلَّا يَكُونُواْ مُؤۡمِنِينَ • إِن نَّشَأۡ نُنَزِّلۡ عَلَيۡہِم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ ءَايَةً۬ فَظَلَّتۡ أَعۡنَـٰقُهُمۡ لَهَا خَـٰضِعِينَ • وَمَا يَأۡتِيہِم مِّن ذِكۡرٍ۬ مِّنَ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ مُحۡدَثٍ إِلَّا كَانُواْ عَنۡهُ مُعۡرِضِينَ • فَقَدۡ كَذَّبُواْ فَسَيَأۡتِيہِمۡ أَنۢبَـٰٓؤُاْ مَا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يَسۡتَہۡزِءُونَ • أَوَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ إِلَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ كَمۡ أَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيہَا مِن كُلِّ زَوۡجٍ۬ كَرِيمٍ • إِنَّ فِى ذَٲلِكَ لَأَيَةً۬ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكۡثَرُهُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ • وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ﴾
(1.
Ta Sin Mim.) (2. These are Ayat of the Book Mubin.) (3. It may be that
you are going Bakhi` yourself, that they do not become believers.) (4.
If We will, We could send down to them from the heaven a sign, to which
they would bend their necks in humility.) (5. And never comes there unto
them a Reminder as a recent revelation from the Most Gracious, but they
turn away therefrom.) (6. So, they have indeed denied, then the news of
what they mocked at will come to them.) (7. Do they not observe the
earth -- how much of every good kind We cause to grow therein) (8.
Verily, in this is an Ayah, yet most of them are not believers.) (9. And
verily your Lord, He is truly the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful.)
The Qur'an and the Disbelievers turning away;
They
could be compelled to believe if Allah so willed At the beginning of
the explanation of Surat Al-Baqarah we discussed the letters which
appear at the beginning of some Surahs. Allah's saying:
﴿ تِلۡكَ ءَايَـٰتُ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ ٱلۡمُبِينِ ﴾
(These
are the Ayat of the Book Mubin.) means, these are the verses of the
Clear Qur'an, i.e. the clear and unambiguous Book which distinguishes
between truth and falsehood, misguidance and guidance.
﴿ لَعَلَّكَ بَـٰخِعٌ۬ نَّفۡسَكَ ﴾
(It
may be that you are going Bakhi` yourself,) means, destroy yourself --
because of your keenness that they should be guided and your grief for
them.
﴿ أَلَّا يَكُونُواْ مُؤۡمِنِينَ ﴾
(that
they do not become believers.) Here Allah is consoling His Messenger
for the lack of faith of those among the disbelievers who do not believe
in him. This is like the Ayat:
﴿ فَلَا تَذۡهَبۡ نَفۡسُكَ عَلَيۡہِمۡ حَسَرَٲتٍۚ ﴾
(So destroy not yourself in sorrow for them) (35:8).
﴿ فَلَعَلَّكَ بَـٰخِعٌ۬ نَّفۡسَكَ عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَـٰرِهِمۡ إِن لَّمۡ يُؤۡمِنُواْ بِهَـٰذَا ٱلۡحَدِيثِ أَسَفًا ﴾
(Perhaps,
you would Bakhi` yourself, over their footsteps, because they believe
not in this narration) (18:6). Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Qatadah, `Atiyyah,
Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan and others said that:
﴿ لَعَلَّكَ بَـٰخِعٌ۬ نَّفۡسَكَ ﴾
(It may be that you are going Bakhi` yourself,) means, `kill yourself.' Then Allah says:
﴿ إِن نَّشَأۡ نُنَزِّلۡ عَلَيۡہِم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ ءَايَةً۬ فَظَلَّتۡ أَعۡنَـٰقُهُمۡ لَهَا خَـٰضِعِينَ ﴾
(If
We will, We could send down to them from the heaven a sign, to which
they would bend their necks in humility.) meaning, `if We so willed, We
could send down a sign that would force them to believe, but We will not
do that because We do not want anyone to believe except by choice.'
Allah says:
﴿
وَلَوۡ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ لَأَمَنَ مَن فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ ڪُلُّهُمۡ جَمِيعًاۚ
أَفَأَنتَ تُكۡرِهُ ٱلنَّاسَ حَتَّىٰ يَكُونُواْ مُؤۡمِنِينَ ﴾
(And
had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed, all of them
together. So, will you then compel mankind, until they become
believers.) (10:99)
﴿ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ لَجَعَلَ ٱلنَّاسَ أُمَّةً۬ وَٲحِدَةً۬ۖ ﴾
(And
if your Lord had so willed, He could surely, have made mankind one
Ummah...) (11:118) But Allah's will has acted, His decree has come to
pass, and His proof has been conveyed to mankind by mission of
Messengers and the revelation of Books to them. Then Allah says:
﴿ وَمَا يَأۡتِيہِم مِّن ذِكۡرٍ۬ مِّنَ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ مُحۡدَثٍ إِلَّا كَانُواْ عَنۡهُ مُعۡرِضِينَ ﴾
(And
never comes there unto them a Reminder as a recent revelation from the
Most Gracious, but they turn away therefrom.) meaning, every time a
Scripture comes from heaven to them, most of the people turn away from
it. As Allah says:
﴿ وَمَآ أَڪۡثَرُ ٱلنَّاسِ وَلَوۡ حَرَصۡتَ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ﴾
(And most of mankind will not believe even if you desire it eagerly.) (12:103)
﴿ يَـٰحَسۡرَةً عَلَى ٱلۡعِبَادِۚ مَا يَأۡتِيهِم مِّن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يَسۡتَہۡزِءُونَ ﴾
(Alas for mankind! There never came a Messenger to them but they used to mock at him.) (36:30)
﴿ ثُمَّ أَرۡسَلۡنَا رُسُلَنَا تَتۡرَاۖ كُلَّ مَا جَآءَ أُمَّةً۬ رَّسُولُهَا كَذَّبُوهُۚ ﴾
(Then
We sent Our Messengers in succession. Every time there came to a nation
their Messenger, they denied him...) (23:44). Allah says here:
﴿ فَقَدۡ كَذَّبُواْ فَسَيَأۡتِيہِمۡ أَنۢبَـٰٓؤُاْ مَا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يَسۡتَہۡزِءُونَ ﴾
(So,
they have indeed denied, then the news of what they mocked at will come
to them.) meaning, they denied the truth that came to them, so they
will come to know the news of the consequences of this denial after a
while.
﴿ وَسَيَعۡلَمُ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَىَّ مُنقَلَبٍ۬ يَنقَلِبُونَ ﴾
(And
those who do wrong will come to know by what overturning they will be
overturned) (26:227). Then Allah tells those who dared to oppose His
Messenger and disbelieve in His Book, that He is the Subduer, the
Almighty, the All-Powerful, Who created the earth and caused every good
kind of crop, fruit and animal to grow therein. Sufyan Ath-Thawri
narrated from a man from Ash-Sha`bi that people are a product of the
earth. So whoever enters Paradise is good and noble, and whoever enters
Hell is base and vile.
﴿ إِنَّ فِى ذَٲلِكَ لَأَيَةً۬ۖ ﴾
(Verily,
in this is an Ayah,) meaning an evidence of the power of the Creator of
all things. He spread out the earth and raised the canopy of the
heavens, yet despite that the majority of people do not believe, rather
they deny Him, His Messengers, and His Books, and they go against His
commands doing the things He had prohibited. His saying:
﴿ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ﴾
(And verily your Lord, He is truly the All-Mighty,) means, the One Who has power over all things, to subdue and control them,
﴿ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴾
(the
Most Merciful. ) means, towards His creation, for He does not hasten to
punish the one who sins, but He gives him time to repent, and if he
does not, then He seizes him with a mighty punishment. Abu Al-`Aliyah,
Qatadah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and Ibn Ishaq said: "He is Almighty in His
punishment of those who went against His commands and worshipped others
besides Him.'' Sa`id bin Jubayr said: "He is Most Merciful towards those
who repent to Him and turn to Him.''
﴿ وَإِذۡ نَادَىٰ رَبُّكَ مُوسَىٰٓ أَنِ ٱئۡتِ ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ • قَوۡمَ فِرۡعَوۡنَۚ أَلَا يَتَّقُونَ • قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ أَن يُكَذِّبُونِ • وَيَضِيقُ صَدۡرِى وَلَا يَنطَلِقُ لِسَانِى فَأَرۡسِلۡ إِلَىٰ هَـٰرُونَ • وَلَهُمۡ عَلَىَّ ذَنۢبٌ۬ فَأَخَافُ أَن يَقۡتُلُونِ • قَالَ كَلَّاۖ فَٱذۡهَبَا بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَآۖ إِنَّا مَعَكُم مُّسۡتَمِعُونَ • فَأۡتِيَا فِرۡعَوۡنَ فَقُولَآ إِنَّا رَسُولُ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِينَ • أَنۡ أَرۡسِلۡ مَعَنَا بَنِىٓ إِسۡرَٲٓءِيلَ • قَالَ أَلَمۡ نُرَبِّكَ فِينَا وَلِيدً۬ا وَلَبِثۡتَ فِينَا مِنۡ عُمُرِكَ سِنِينَ • وَفَعَلۡتَ فَعۡلَتَكَ ٱلَّتِى فَعَلۡتَ وَأَنتَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَـٰفِرِينَ • قَالَ فَعَلۡتُهَآ إِذً۬ا وَأَنَا۟ مِنَ ٱلضَّآلِّينَ • فَفَرَرۡتُ مِنكُمۡ لَمَّا خِفۡتُكُمۡ فَوَهَبَ لِى رَبِّى حُكۡمً۬ا وَجَعَلَنِى مِنَ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ • وَتِلۡكَ نِعۡمَةٌ۬ تَمُنُّہَا عَلَىَّ أَنۡ عَبَّدتَّ بَنِىٓ إِسۡرَٲٓءِيلَ ﴾
(10.
And (remember) when your Lord called Musa (saying): "Go to the people
who are wrongdoers.'') (11. "The people of Fira`wn. Will they not have
Taqwa'') (12. He said: "My Lord! Verily, I fear that they will deny
me,'') (13. "And my breast straitens, and my tongue expresses not well.
So send for Harun.'') (14. "And they have a charge of crime against me,
and I fear they will kill me. '') (15. (Allah) said: "Nay! Go you both
with Our signs. Verily, We shall be with you, listening.'') (16. "And go
both of you to Fira`wn, and say: `We are the Messengers of the Lord of
Al-`Alamin,') (17. `So allow the Children of Israel to go with us.''')
(18. (Fir`awn) said (to Musa): "Did we not bring you up among us as a
child And you did dwell many years of your life with us.'') (19. "And
you did your deed, which you did. While you were one of the ingrates.'')
(20. Musa said: "I did it then, when I was in error.'') (21. "So, I
fled from you when I feared you. But my Lord has granted me Hukm, and
made me one of the Messengers.'') (22. "And this is the past favor with
which you reproach me, -- that you have enslaved the Children of
Israel.'')
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